De-Radicalization Therapy in Prisons

Abstract

Radicalization within prisons is a multidimensional process influenced by psychological vulnerability, identity crises, social pressure, ideological exposure, and group dynamics behind bars. De-radicalization therapy seeks to reduce violent extremist ideology, promote prosocial identity reconstruction, and support post-release reintegration. This paper reviews psychological and sociological models of radicalization, assesses existing intervention programs, and proposes an integrated Prison-Based De-Radicalization and Identity Rebuilding Model (P-DIRM) that combines cognitive-behavioral therapy, trauma treatment, religious counseling, educational empowerment, and community-supported reentry. The article emphasizes human rights compliance, voluntary participation, ethical safeguards, and evidence-based approaches to ensure rehabilitation rather than coercion.