Effects of Remote Video Trials on Jury Perception

Abstract

Remote video trials—popularized during the COVID-19 pandemic—transformed courtroom procedures, allowing testimony, deliberation, and sometimes full trials to occur via digital platforms. While these systems increase accessibility, cost-efficiency, and public safety, concerns persist regarding fairness, perceived credibility, technological bias, and emotional distance between legal actors. This study analyzes the psychological effects of video-mediated legal proceedings on juror perception through theoretical frameworks and a hypothetical cross-national dataset. Key findings indicate that virtual trials reduce emotional engagement and perceived credibility of defendants and witnesses, but increase perceived formality and institutional neutrality. The study proposes a hybrid framework combining digital access with safeguards to preserve courtroom fairness.