ALIASES, NICKNAMES, AND EPITHETS IN CRIMINAL LAW

Abstract

Aliases, nicknames, and epithets frequently appear in criminal investigations, charging documents, trials, and media coverage. While alternative names may serve legitimate identification purposes, they also carry significant risks of prejudice, misidentification, and character inference. Courts across jurisdictions have struggled to balance the probative value of aliases against their potential to unfairly influence jurors by implying criminal propensity, gang affiliation, or moral blameworthiness. This research article provides a comprehensive examination of the legal, psychological, and linguistic dimensions of aliases, nicknames, and epithets in criminal law. Drawing on evidentiary doctrine, juror cognition research, and comparative case law, the paper analyzes when alternative names are admissible, how they affect fact-finder perceptions, and what safeguards are necessary to protect due process. The article concludes with practical recommendations for courts, prosecutors, and defense counsel to ensure fair and accurate adjudication.